Composing Images and Text with Python

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This is Day 3 of the #100DaysOfPython challenge.

This post will use the Pillow image library to add text and icons layers to an image programmatically.
Prerequisites
  • An image that is 1000x600 pixels.
  • Some demo icons 100x100 pixels.
  • Familiarity with [Pipenv]. See here for my post on Pipenv.
  • Familiarity with JupyterLab. See here for my post on JupyterLab.
  • Open Sans Bold font installed to fonts/OpenSans-Bold.ttf.
  • Getting started
    Let's create the hello-img-layers directory and install Pillow.
    # Make the `hello-img-layers` directory
    $ mkdir hello-img-layers
    $ cd hello-img-layers
    # Create a folder to place your icons
    $ mkdir icons
    
    # Init the virtual environment
    $ pipenv --three
    $ pipenv install pillow
    $ pipenv install --dev jupyterlab
    At this stage, add your 1000x600 image to the root directory (hello-img-layers) as base_img.png (at least that is what I am using) and add your 100x100 icons to hello-img-layers/icons/.
    Now we can start up the notebook server.
    # Startup the notebook server
    $ pipenv run jupyter-lab
    # ... Server is now running on http://localhost:8888/lab
    The server will now be up and running.
    Creating the notebook
    Once on http://localhost:8888/lab, select to create a new Python 3 notebook from the launcher.
    Ensure that this notebook is saved in hello-img-layers/docs/<your-file-name>.
    We will create four cells to handle four parts of this mini project:
  • Load the image in.
  • Creating the destination image and adding the icon layers.
  • Creating the text layer.
  • Saving and displaying the destination image.
  • Loading in the image
    This section simply loads the image in var base_img (assuming you are following the directory structure where the notebook is in the docs folder).
    from PIL import Image
    # Concatenating an image
    base_img = Image.open('../base_img.png')
    Creating the destination image and adding the icon layers
    We create the destination layer here based on the base images width and height and paste that base image back in.
    Then we make use of the glob library to fetch all the paths to our icons and paste them on top of the base image.
    # Add in icons using a glob
    import glob
    from os.path import join, dirname, abspath
    
    dst_img = Image.new('RGBA', (base_img.width, base_img.height))
    dst_img.paste(base_img, (0, 0))
    
    icons_dir = join(dirname(abspath("__file__")), '../icons')
    icons = glob.glob(f"{icons_dir}/*")
    for i, icon_path in enumerate(icons):
        icon = Image.open(icon_path)
        # @see https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5324647/how-to-merge-a-transparent-png-image-with-another-image-using-pil
        dst_img.paste(icon, (60 + (i * icon.width) + (i * 20), base_img.height - 100 - icon.height), icon)
    Creating the text layer
    This layer will load our Open Sans font and draw that onto the image.
    The max_text_width=25 that I selected here was through trial and error. There may be a more reusable way to handle this for different sized images.
    import os
    
    # Add your own font in
    font = ImageFont.truetype(os.path.join('fonts/OpenSans-Bold.ttf'), 58)
    
    import textwrap
    text = "Sample Text that is too long but let us write a bunch anyway"
    print(dst_img.width)
    max_text_width = 25
    wrapped_text = textwrap.wrap(text, width=max_text_width)
    
    # setup up a variable to invoke our text method
    draw = ImageDraw.Draw(dst_img)
    
    for i, line in enumerate(wrapped_text):
            # draw.text((0, height - (i * 20)), line, (0, 0, 0), font=font)
            draw.text((60, 100 + (i * 80)),line,(255,255,255),font=font)
    Saving and displaying the destination image
    Finally, we will save and display our base image.
    dst_img.save('../dest_img.png')
    
    # Display the image inline
    display(Image.open('../dest_img.png'))
    Summary
    Today's post demonstrated how to use the Pillow package to add text and icons layers to an image programmatically.
    This will be the technique I use for helping to build out my blog post main images (including this one!).
    Resources and further reading
    Originally posted on my blog. To see new posts without delay, read the posts there and subscribe to my newsletter.

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    Composing Images and Text with Python