Python complex()

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Python complex() function takes real, imaginary numbers and strings as input and converts them into a complex number. This method takes two optional parameters ( real and imaginary ) and returns a complex number as output.
complex() Syntax
The syntax of complex() is:
**complex([real[, imaginary]])**
complex() Parameters
The complex() method can take two parameters, and both are optional.
  • real (optional) – A number representing the real part of the complex number. The real number can be of a string like ‘ 3+5j ‘. If not set anything, it defaults to 0.
  • imaginary (optional) – A number representing the imaginary part of the complex number. If not set anything, it defaults to 0.
  • If the first parameter is passed as a string, then it will be interpreted as a complex number. In this case, the second parameter should be omitted.
    complex() Return Value
    It returns the complex number as output.
    Note: In string conversion, it must not contain whitespace around the operator (+ or -). Example – complex('1+2j') is fine, but complex('1 + 2j')raises ValueError.
    Example 1: How to create a complex number in Python?
    In this example, we will take a look at creating the complex number using real numbers with integer, float and string.
    # Code to illustrate complex number
    
    # covert real number to complex
    num = complex(5,3)
    print(num)
    
    # covert real number to complex
    num = complex(5,-4)
    print(num)
    
    # Default if no parameter is passed to complex method
    num = complex()
    print(num)
    
    # In case if you pass only real number, defaults imaginary to 0
    num = complex(5)
    print(num)
    
    # In case if you pass only real number, defaults imaginary to 0
    num = complex(-2)
    print(num)
    
    # In case if you pass only float number, defaults imaginary to 0
    num = complex(5.6,4)
    print(num)
    
    # if string is passed, it will be interpreted as complex number
    num = complex('8')
    print(num)
    
    # if string is passed, it will be interpreted as complex number
    num = complex('1+2j')
    print(num)
    Output
    (5+3j)
    (5-4j)
    0j
    (5+0j)
    (-2+0j)
    (5.6+4j)
    (8+0j)
    (1+2j)
    Example 2: TypeError while converting string with imaginary parameter
    If the first parameter is passed as a string, then it will be interpreted as a complex number. In this case, the second parameter should be omitted. Otherwise, you get the TypeError: complex() can’t take second arg if first is a string
    # Code to illustrate complex number
    
    # if string is passed with imaginary number
    num = complex('8',5)
    print(num)
    Output
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "c:\Projects\Tryouts\listindexerror.py", line 4, in <module>
        num = complex('8',5)
    TypeError: complex() can't take second arg if first is a string
    Example 3: ValueError if string operator has a space
    In the case of string conversion, if there is any space around the operator, Python will raise ValueError: complex() arg is a malformed string
    # if you give a space in the string
    num = complex('1 + 2j')
    print(num)
    Output
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "c:\Projects\Tryouts\listindexerror.py", line 4, in <module>
        num = complex('1 + 2j')
    ValueError: complex() arg is a malformed string
    The post Python complex() appeared first on ItsMyCode.

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    Python complex()